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Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) services at HealthChecks360 for early detection of fetal chromosomal abnormalities

NIPT Test

Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT): Early Screening for Genetic Insights

Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) is a simple blood-based screening that provides early information about certain chromosomal conditions during pregnancy. By analyzing small fragments of fetal DNA circulating in the mother’s bloodstream, NIPT assesses the likelihood of common genetic conditions such as Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), Trisomy 18, and Trisomy 13.

The test can be performed from the 10th week of pregnancy and requires only a blood sample from the mother. Since it is non-invasive, it does not involve procedures that enter the womb, making it a widely used option for prenatal screening.

NIPT is often chosen by expectant parents who wish to explore additional screening options during pregnancy. It may be considered for those with specific risk factors such as maternal age, family history of genetic conditions, or previous screening results, though it is also available for anyone seeking further insight.

This screening provides clear and easy-to-understand reports, supporting awareness and informed conversations with healthcare providers. While NIPT offers valuable genetic information, it is important to note that it is a screening test, not a diagnostic tool, and further evaluation may be recommended based on results.

Understand more about your pregnancy with early genetic screening. Explore NIPT as part of your prenatal care journey.

NIPT test

NIPT – Non-invasive Prenatal Test

This special test is a screening test used to detect the risk of Down’s syndrome in an unborn baby. It has several names, the most common ones being Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT), and Cell-free Fetal DNA Testing (CfF-DNA).

NIPT is highly sensitive and is able to detect more than 99% of cases of Down’s syndrome. Traces of the baby’s DNA circulate in the mother’s bloodstream – known as cfDNA (cell free DNA). Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is a way of examining fetal DNA by taking a sample of blood from a pregnant woman to determine the baby’s risk for a number of genetic disorders, including Down’s syndrome.

Common Chromosomal Disorders Screened by NIPT

  • Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome): The fetus has three copies of chromosome 21, leading to developmental and physical abnormalities.
  • Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome): A rare condition where the fetus has three copies of chromosome 18, often leading to severe medical complications.
  • Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome): The fetus has three copies of chromosome 13, causing severe intellectual disabilities and physical malformations.

NIPT also offers optional testing for other genetic conditions such as deletion syndromes and sex chromosome aneuploidies. It can even reveal your baby’s gender early in pregnancy.

How the Test Helps

NIPT examines cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from the placenta that is found in the mother's bloodstream. The cfDNA can be isolated and analyzed for abnormalities such as aneuploidies—abnormal numbers of chromosomes. This includes:

  • Down’s syndrome: Cognitive impairments, delayed speech development, and physical markers such as upward slanting eyes and short neck.
  • Edward’s syndrome: Severe medical problems that often result in early fatality.
  • Patau syndrome: Intellectual disability, physical malformations like cleft palate, and small eyes.

Additional Findings

NIPT can also detect:

  • Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy: Issues such as Turner syndrome (missing X chromosome) or Kleinfelter syndrome (extra X chromosome).
  • Microdeletions: Small DNA segments missing from chromosomes, including 22q11.2 deletion, which is linked to developmental delays and disorders like DiGeorge syndrome.

Early and accurate detection through NIPT allows parents to better prepare for or address potential challenges associated with genetic conditions.

NIPT is a blood-based screening test that analyzes fetal DNA present in the mother's bloodstream to assess the likelihood of certain genetic conditions, such as Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), Trisomy 18, and Trisomy 13. This test is considered non-invasive and does not involve procedures that enter the womb.

The test is done through a simple blood draw from the mother, usually after 10 weeks of pregnancy. The sample is then analyzed in the lab to examine fragments of fetal DNA for chromosomal variations.

NIPT is classified as non-invasive because it requires only a maternal blood sample. Unlike diagnostic procedures such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS), it does not involve sampling from the uterus.

Yes, NIPT can provide information about the baby's sex as part of the analysis, since the test examines the chromosomes, including the presence of X and Y chromosomes.

No special preparation or fasting is usually required for NIPT. A simple blood sample is collected as part of the process.

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